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1、中国意念词(Chinesenesses)
]8 t$ q) a; K; J) r# n7 n" L/ o! X( a 八卦 trigram ! M/ b, ]3 ~4 k: S0 o) N- @5 e
9 h* p- r8 L1 h, V) u. {4 S 阴、阳 yin, yang
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f3 p$ r; c9 _5 N9 w- L9 U+ o5 Y; q 道 Dao(cf. logo)
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江湖(世界) the jianghu World (the traits’ world)
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e.g. You can’t control everything in a traits’ world. (人在江湖,身不由己) ) i7 k+ |! N4 ]; ?6 ?
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道 Daoism(Taoism) & _# @4 Y M+ H8 F) S
' z2 j$ P8 H/ e/ ^- @ 上火 excessive internal heat 1 n9 @9 V* O) W, m; x0 P! I
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儒学 Confucianism 7 ~/ T$ W0 @7 m& u. A& @
A9 W) o1 i2 z3 A6 F 红学(《红楼梦》研究) redology
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世外桃源 Shangri-la or Arcadia
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开放 kaifang (Chinese openness to the outside world)
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大锅饭 getting an equal share regardless of the work done 8 J% f5 Z! D7 L' z! R
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伤痕文学 scar literature or the literature of the wounded
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不搞一刀切 no imposing uniformity on … 4 f4 a6 N! U' b. k( h5 c, K
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合乎国情,顺乎民意 to conform with the national conditions and the will of the people
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: c3 y7 z0 J- [4 c 乱摊派,乱收费 imposition of arbitrary quotas and service charge 4 K' q: v I0 [ X! e
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铁交椅 iron (lifetime) post’s; guaranteed leading post
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* L/ L5 L* e9 S' G* @ 脱贫 to shake off poverty; anti-poverty
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治则兴,乱则衰 Order leads to prosperity and chaos to decline - ~4 w7 M& A: e, E
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6 x4 s) B% \& w0 x* b2 、中华民族的喜庆节日(Chinese Festivial) + |. c* b! _7 x; ^1 c! {9 I
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国庆节 National Day # x$ p; [5 Q5 b6 f& Z7 H- D% z
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中秋节 Mid-Autumn Day/Festival & X K5 Q! A w# n
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春节 Spring Festival , W Q. x* u* o+ ]: s
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元宵节 Lantern Festival
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儿童节 Children’s Day
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0 } E4 H$ X# c& A0 G9 C: E 端午节 Dragon Boat Festival & A% S% |6 C1 @+ u P8 Z: l- `7 Q
8 K) [- ?( D8 n$ L+ y- q0 l2 c9 E 妇女节 Women’s Day
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泼水节 Water-Splashing Day : w; ?5 y3 O1 t" u
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教师节 Teachers’ Day
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五四青年节 Youth Day
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: s1 N2 @8 O, j3、中国独特的传统饮食(Unique Traditional Chinese Foods) 8 c7 b1 a' _+ L# _
T6 {9 J' X% f- A6 R) u/ O' W 馄饨 wonton
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锅贴 guotie (fried jiaozi)
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5 h4 C7 ~# `& y- U _ 花卷 steamed twisted rolls
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( V1 e9 B+ ?9 {% g+ d0 }) c- | 套餐 set meal
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5 Q. D9 i! C6 T6 D 盒饭 box lunch; Chinese take-away . L( M |) ~, p# x% d9 C* Y/ e
& E+ @" W0 E$ o/ m5 P* k; ?- m2 ^ 米豆腐 rice tofu 9 D1 ]% o9 Z7 S- E
4 v I( s" C8 i 魔芋豆腐 konjak tofu
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# w3 U4 a: c$ h0 y* D! b4 I 米粉 rice noodles
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冰糖葫芦 a stick of sugar-coated haws (or apples,etc.)
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1 e; `1 w I" q 火锅 chafing dish
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4 @) \. @/ m. _0 K# Q) ` 八宝饭 eight-treasure rice pudding - h% D' V1 H9 H
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粉丝 glass noodles , \# l3 A8 ^/ V3 [- `
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豆腐脑 jellied bean curd 6 T$ I$ p4 P1 u. T/ V. r( g
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4 、中国新兴事物(Newly Sprouted Things)
" R0 I. V/ D4 G- F 中国 电信 China Telecom 2 K& U9 W( Q m( l
3 V6 B8 ^5 g# g+ w! O 中国 移动 China Mobile
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, O O# i) a. ?6 l* Q& j b# ` 十五计划 the 10th Five-Year Plan ' p% S/ O9 f+ Z' l" h9 k
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中国电脑联网 Chinanet
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三峡工程 the Three Gorges Project
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- H8 e) l4 Q* s* U1 c 希望工程 Project Hope
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京九铁路 Beijing CKowloon Railway ) }' p0 D, v8 h( I( ^
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扶贫工程 Anti-Poverty Project
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* E* ?% g$ g: L& y: h7 j6 q- j 菜篮子工程 Vegetable Basket Project - B, i0 k. e1 X, q$ t
! [- ]$ k3 M& a3 t) h0 | 温饱工程 Decent-Life Project
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# T+ _- Q2 s! Y# p 安居工程 Economy Housing Project
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扫黄 Porn-Purging Campaign $ a& F2 Q. r5 {( _: b' o
4 k8 f5 c, i6 @, U; ~ 西部大开发 Go-West Campaign + O3 R) Q- M7 w0 o4 z
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5 、特有的一些汉语词汇 $ e5 I ~0 a# Y2 ?& ]2 t& \
. [. n# g% ~ _- l6 _* m" f ^ 禅宗 Zen Buddhism
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禅 dhyana; dhgaya
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9 s; n: v) f* C4 y1 X 混沌 chaos 5 L, E) g( h! E0 e4 N& E- }! b
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道 Daosim, the way and its power $ r& k5 z8 e. o& O+ T r Q
" \/ z+ H) t# `6 m, Y. J 四谛 Four Noble Truth
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. T0 E5 v+ r) Q: ` 八正道 Eightfold Path
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无常 anity , Q. g$ D4 L9 \& Z6 e1 v
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五行说 Theory of Five Elements 8 h6 w k" D3 D& q1 [+ L; |3 S
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无我 anatman ) D: N! j' g. g& M9 r
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坐禅 metta or transcendental meditation 2 r4 F6 s. f8 p$ i3 A9 s5 p
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空 sunyata 1 L( f1 y* _) y) l9 b+ e" `9 o( s
# h4 w% D7 K$ F0 {3 S9 r 虚无 nothingness / d- P/ O: O" o+ ?* ]
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双喜 double happiness(中),a doubled stroke of luck(英)
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& B- P# ?% J }4 C" i6 d' G; D 小品 witty skits
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, G0 V+ Q# v7 u6 w8 H' M 相声 cross-talk
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6 h0 m8 K- ]+ y, y2 Z; O6 N! g 噱头;掉包袱 gimmick, stunt 8 g! ^' T- ], p. v( [* u
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夜猫子 night people; night-owls
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0 u: R r) O8 n- |& D5 F ~ 本命年 this animal year of sb. , F/ T+ E$ U. C' e( T7 D. `
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处世之道 philosophy of life 1 \. G1 C7 J( P; {
3 Y! Q2 y0 k6 B, J6 A2 [ 姻缘 yinyuan(prefixed fate of marriage)
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! o, a, Z: ]: H3 V A' l 还愿 redeem a wish (vows) , ^: ~* q: c$ M# M7 i+ g( |" H
* p$ @0 c5 s3 P6 、具有文化特色的现代表述
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大陆中国 Mainland China & N% }8 L: a: U4 e0 k! Z! l$ U
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红宝书 little red book 1 a& X4 G/ b! S/ w
5 N+ P/ M9 o. l4 S+ |4 e9 J# g( S7 _ 红色中国 socialist China
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四化 Four Modernizations ' E& G% I9 I% g; n
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终生职业 job-for-life 4 [) B, S# x) k4 ]0 v
* @1 r: @, c, t7 p2 h! v4 v 铁饭碗 iron rice bowl
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大锅饭 communal pot
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关系户 closely-related units ; r7 x% }0 S4 }3 f# o3 h
" N# W' X% q0 z' n+ d 外出打工人员 migrant workers
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1 F) D& _ v+ h 关系网 personal nets, closely-knitted guild ' l3 c. o {% m. x
& f+ W9 b+ F7 ^1 p9 z 五讲(讲文明、讲礼貌、讲卫生、讲秩序、讲道德):the Five Merits focus on decorum, manners, hygiene, disciplines and morals " P6 A# A; L9 O0 U
3 z/ L+ ^( g2 ]9 h( ` 四美(心灵美、语言美、行为美、环境美): the Four Virtues are golden heart, refined language, civilized behavior, and green environment 9 [1 T9 G* n6 a4 T( z
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7 、中国古代独特事物(Unique Ancient Chinese Items)
( V8 J* T! q/ @8 F6 ]; X' u+ Q6 S 宣纸 rice paper 0 j' l; H8 w5 f: K! E
$ N; K1 W: P V5 {7 G& C3 n: ^ 衙门 yamen ' d* }! v, R1 v( U2 b
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叩头 kowtow
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孔子Confucius ! L. d- G6 o& u6 y* C6 l
+ q. [* o2 @6 r 牌楼 pailou;pai-loo + h$ r$ |8 y0 L
, _8 m0 N2 E9 c' T. H 武术 wushu(Chinese Martial Arts) * y$ b6 P+ }9 w: W. u
7 j9 E* R- c& x- \! J% S2 {1 C9 e: E 功夫 kungfu ;kung fu
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" Q$ d& h8 q; r 中庸 the way of medium (cf. Golden Means)
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中和 harmony (zhonghe) 7 F5 H2 [/ I4 p1 x( p
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孝顺 to show filial obedience
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孝子 dutiful son
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/ z* ^2 f9 ]) Z* T9 R) ` 家长 family head
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三纲:君为臣纲,父为子纲,夫为妻纲 three cardinal guides: ruler guides subject, father guides son husband guides wife
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五常:仁、义、理、智、信 five constant virtues: benevolence (humanity), righteousness, propriety, wisdom and fidelity 9 G- ?7 I2 _# B$ K! z3 k
0 i; y- W0 q; H2 _( M 八股文 eight-legged essays - ^. y: w8 [4 c& e# S/ Q2 M7 `" e- @
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多子多福:The more sons/children, the more blessing/ great happiness ; N2 P, T* p6 _, M. T
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养儿防老:raising sons to support one in one’s old age
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9 m D6 T! c( U1 {3 S8、 近一季度见诸报端的中国现代特色词汇翻译
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; `6 g# S$ o6 A' ^7 y8 n 基层监督 grass-roots supervision ; o; O) A/ U! R' H
5 W7 }4 H* _ c4 |3 V- B( T7 G 基础税率 base tariff level
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婚介所 matrimonial agency - @* x7 x$ {, M; s% C- r. ]
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婚外恋 extramarital love
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婚纱摄影 bride photo
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黑心棉 shoddy cotton ! j8 w$ X4 E. N: D% [1 M/ R
) Y! h8 q% p1 d$ N" R 机器阅卷 machine scoring
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即开型奖券 scratch-open ticket/lottery
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$ O& p2 w0 A- t& g" F 集中精力把经济建设搞上去 go all out for economic development
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7 Z9 c+ C) p0 U: b: I9 o2 D 价格听证会 public price hearings
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甲A球队 Division A Soccer Team
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# Z. l$ f! c% F0 p0 W; h 家政服务 household management service ! z' Y5 h- V, M& m
5 p2 F3 ~ k9 m: T* a& Y% M5 a9 } 加强舆论监督 ensure the correct orientation is maintained in public opinion 0 h8 K. n( a" s% U6 a7 Y9 V
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假帐 accounting fraud
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% b B% e9 u- }: [' ~6 P& n( D# p 叫板 challenge; pick a quarrel + E. |2 H) p4 O( y9 }5 d3 m* d
# [/ z' f, p3 K; u6 Q6 j- {: O 矫情 use lame arguments
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) T, y7 D, z; }1 A ^# v 渐进式台独 gradual Taiwan independence
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" G0 Q" S% \; F1 i 借调 temporarily transfer
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扩大中等收入者比重 Raise the proportion of the middle-income group.
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3 O2 o5 l0 Q! L0 x8 S$ B6 K 扩大内需,刺激消费expand domestic demand and consumption
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9 全国人民代表大会National People’s Congress (NPC) ; \# T# O) e t% W+ H, v
主席团Presidium
+ Z, E4 [9 J: @& q& O+ L常务委员会Standing Committee
$ l/ f$ G! E! a! ]中华人民共和国主席President of the People’s Republic of China
9 \& u& a- X1 R中央军事委员会Central Military Commission
1 s2 n @9 A h J1 h0 d5 b5 _国务院State Council + W" U% O! n7 f+ \6 _" @3 E
信息产业部 Ministry of Information Industry 4 B h u" @# V. g/ g0 `
文化部Ministry of Culture 9 ~( N7 E1 c+ }/ h6 f6 |" }
卫生部Ministry of Public Health * I* W4 N- ~! ~. N g; A C
外交部Ministry of Foreign Affairs
) y; R; I C8 N' U( \% j$ C国防部Ministry of National Defence
. @9 D8 Q1 E% l& X教育部Ministry of Education ) s1 h, s- o' T/ q* ]
公安部 Ministry of Public Security
t# [9 R% }, C- [) n国家安全部 Ministry of State Security
* q- D0 ^3 Q+ u) x中国人民银行People’s Bank of China
2 m/ x; r6 N7 u6 N4 r中国科学院Chinese Academy of Sciences # k8 ?1 e6 X! h A, z' \1 D" [& {
中国社会科学院Chinese Academy of Social Sciences 2 ?* Z- W) [8 X% l a
中国工程院Chinese Academy of Engineering
; x) h' R6 h+ S2 v! s最高人民法院Supreme People’s Court ' F n* z" C7 o3 Y: R- d j' {" e9 e
最高人民检察院Supreme People’s Procuratorate $ ]8 J1 v" W1 j- t% L" r5 N
中国共产党中央委员会Central Committee of the Communist Party of China & E% c1 ?) q9 H: X% [, Z. @
中央政治局Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the CPC
9 ~, s4 T B$ Z9 M( f; ^% ?中央政治局常务委员会Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC
! Q4 [+ v& _' S7 l5 m2 r& f中央书记处Secretariat of the Central Committee of the CPC - j) p# e6 e! U& m: P1 h) j1 z; ?. |* s
中央军事委员会Central Military Commission of the CPC
/ q1 v6 c1 ?: i! b' K$ L& r7 s中央纪律检查委员会Central Commission for Discipline Inspection of the CPC
& U( R1 g2 I8 R4 {8 L; m中央办公厅General Office, CCCPC
6 M. r' p9 |9 ]7 ~0 t$ N6 D中国人民政治协商会议The Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC)
- g: ]# ~) Z2 ~# @5 u- W中国人民政治协商会议全国委员会National Committee of the CPPCC
+ V2 u9 f7 w4 n) H5 L6 \中国人民政治协商会议全国委员会常务委员会Standing Committee of the National Committee of the CPPCC 0 C5 r E" i: e ]5 i0 m
中国人民政治协商会议全国委员会办公厅General Offices of the CPPCC National Committee 6 }/ G2 L: A5 J$ L8 k
专门委员会Special Committee 0 r' W- Z- Q7 ~, X' m, D
中国人民政治协商委员会地方委员会CPPCC Local Committees 8 R9 `6 T0 s8 x1 h8 N
中国政党Chinese Parties " W# t2 n* ]% l, L6 F' X
中国共产党(中共)Communist Party of China (CPC) % c7 s' V5 Z9 @: _% t: h$ m
中国国民党革命委员会(民革)Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang - d7 k4 C, t( x, M
中国民主同盟(民盟)Chinese Democratic League # M# l6 B8 |, T, g$ o
中国民主建国会(民建)China Democratic National Construction Association
7 V. i# f: v V! b5 k" a中国民主促进会(民进)China Association for Promoting Democracy , h. E$ U; Z) Z/ T$ C
中国农工民主党Chinese Peasants and Workers Democratic Party
# E! O! C: `0 {5 H9 X i9 ?- v中国致公党China Zhi Gong Dang 6 l; T( y/ O- X; w9 ^) p) N$ h
九三学社Jiu San Society
' s$ }3 o. Q! `中国各级党政机关干部名称译名 , `5 e/ S3 \' j+ q/ R, K
中共中央总书记 General Secretary, the CPC Central Committee : u* O& c- A9 |; A: I
政治局常委 Member, Standing Committee of Political Bureau, the CPC Central Committee
2 V1 e J5 E0 J& A; W4 k) T政治局委员 Member, Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee
* ?$ H$ t& N6 A书记处书记 Member, secretariat of the CPC Central Committee * a& q# k8 \; S. Y0 K+ Z
中央委员 Member, Central Committee
' V& \% [- t: I: b' w候补委员 Alternate Member
1 E9 e2 z5 N1 a* W…省委/市委书记 Secretary,…Provincial/Municipal Committee of the CPC - ^' m4 b' O. ?' `, w
中华人民共和国主席/副主席 President/Vice President, the People’s Republic of China ! T$ D9 ?! ~' P- p( }9 f+ y! @
全国人大委员长/副委员长 Chairman/Vice Chairman, National People’s Congress
$ ?: G1 e; N" F- _秘书长 Secretary-General ( I5 X% K* X2 b
主任委员 Chairman * B" {2 i9 f2 C: t" M9 K, n0 J
委员 Member . C9 z: E! Z2 D
(地方人大)主任 Chairman, Local People’s Congress . i: K1 l3 r6 l1 c; e
人大代表 Deputy to the People’s Congress - a+ Z1 \* T7 c% S3 m9 D
国务院总理 Premier, State Council / X* o. s" _) a& s2 G
国务委员 State Councilor . r# V: P" C* N, ^9 Q
秘书长 Secretary-General
; f0 `/ w( ]8 p9 q$ w, J& k, K(国务院各委员会)主任 Minister in Charge of Commission for
- r, V9 z; ^( ?% h( J+ e(国务院各部)部长 Minister
" Z. B5 F2 v5 h. Z( e) T% D部长助理 Assistant Minister
% S, n9 o9 Z- o: y司长 Director # Q; x! Q; K3 b0 ]5 X/ L4 h
局长 Director
' F" S6 ~. C* z3 L1 [0 }省长 Governor 9 f, @! l. V9 e/ h; s
常务副省长 Executive Vice Governor ! L1 U" {2 c( t7 E5 b* ^6 ?9 h
自治区人民政府主席 Chairman, Autonomous Regional People’s Government |
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